KDI 한국개발연구원 - 연구

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공투 연구보고서 2023 사회기반시설에 대한 민간투자법·시행령 및 민간투자사업기본계획 (개정안)

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타당성 재조사 보고서 울산도시철도 1호선 건설사업 타당성재조사

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타당성 재조사 보고서 월곶~판교 복선전철 건설사업

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예비타당성조사보고서 신분당선 서북부연장(용산~삼송) 건설사업

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용역보고서 건설원가 상승에 따른 주요국 PPP사업의 대응사례 연구

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예비타당성조사보고서 읍·면단위(중규모) LPG배관망구축사업

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타당성 재조사 보고서 김해대동첨단 일반산업단지 진입도로 개설공사

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용역보고서 국가별 근로제도 및 취업구조 등에 따른 근로시간 현황 분석 및 비교 연구

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기타보고서 INNOVATIVE KOREA: Leveraging Innovation and Technology for Development

The Republic of Korea is one of the few low-income economies that has successfully developed into a high-income economy in recent history, making it a valuable case study. Korea today is a highly industrialized, global innovation and technology leader and the 10th largest economy in the world, with per capita income approaching the average of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. However, in the 1950s, Korea was one of the poorest countries in the world, with decidedly bleak prospects, making the country a well-known case study of successful development.

This report summarizes the sources of Korea’s remarkable growth performance and the policies and institutional reforms that made it possible. This overview is organized into three sections: Key Drivers of Korea’s Remarkable Growth Performance, Policy and Institutional Transformation, and Lessons for Developing Countries. The report focuses on Korea’s successful transition from middle income to a high-income economy in the 1990s and its economy and policies since then. The report highlights its escape from the “middle-income trap” by leveraging innovation and technology for development. Although the universality of the middle-income trap concept has been debated, it draws attention to the difficulty of sustaining growth over the long run, which is required to become a high-income economy.

The foundations of Korea’s growth over the past 50 years have been high levels of investments in physical and human capital, expansion of manufacturing exports, and industrialization and the result-ing structural transformation of the economy. In the earlier to middle decades of its modern develop-ment, Korea’s growth was led by a “developmental state” model that guided private investment through targeted industrial policies. To succeed in the transition from middle to high income that has eluded so many other countries, Korea had to transform its growth model. It had reached the limits of relying on government promotion and guidance of investment, which drove growth at a lower income level, and instead needed to shift to a more private sectorled growth model with a greater emphasis on productivity and innovation-led growth.

The need to evolve became urgent when the shortcomings of the developmental state model were exposed by the Asian Financial Crisis (AFC) in 199798. Along with the transition to a democracy in the 1980s, the AFC was a defining moment in Korea’s modern development history that built a national consensus on the need to take decisive actions on much-needed reforms of the country’s growth para-digm, to increase the emphasis on promoting markets and the development of frontier innovation and technologies. The focus of industrial policies was transformed from targeting large firms and industries to prioritizing support for small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) and technology entrepreneurs. Exports increased significantly through greater integration into global value chains (GVCs) facilitated by expanding overseas direct investments (ODIs). Investment in human capital development contin-ued, complemented by an expanded social safety net and a more integrated, market-based and demand- oriented approach to education and training.

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조세특례 성과평가사업 청년 우대형 주택청약종합저축 비과세

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